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Aging immune systems respond differently to immunization, making vaccination in the elderly a distinct and growing area of focus. Reduced immunogenicity, comorbidities, and polypharmacy complicate both vaccine design and administration in this population. Research is exploring adjuvanted formulations, higher antigen doses, and novel platforms to overcome immunosenescence. Vaccines for influenza, pneumococcus, and shingles have shown success, but broader protection is needed as longevity increases worldwide. Tailored approaches, including personalized schedules and booster regimens, are gaining attention. With rising elderly populations globally, vaccination in the elderly plays a vital role in reducing disease burden, healthcare costs, and age-related vulnerability.